Resuscitating device.



` F. F. MORRIS & F. M. Luchs.

RESUSCITATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.24,1915.

1,214,941. F Damned' Feb. 6,1917.

gnvehi'ow @mmm ;ofa valve, .an the atmosphere a quantity of air tobe'mixed Ywith said oxygen. This mixture is adminis- '.tered to thepatient by any desirable means UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK FAIRCHILD MORRIS, OF PITTSBURGH, AND FREDERICK MELCHIOR LUCHS,.0FWILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS T0 THE FILM OF DRGERWERK, HEINR.AND BERNH. DRGER, OF LBECK, GERMANY.

RESUSCITATING DEVICE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Pe tented Feb. 6, 1917.

To all whom it may concern 'Be it known that We, FRANK FAIRCHILD MORRIS,a citizen-of the United States, residingat Pittsburgh, and FREDERICKMELCH'IOR LUorrs, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Wilkinsburg,both in the county of Allegheny and State of; Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain .new and useful Improve- :ments 'in ResuscitatingDevices; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this s inca-tion.

This invention relates to life saving and resuscitating devices, and toVany form of apparatus designed to administer oxygenhumanbeings Vfor anydesired purranged to deliver an ,injecting current of Ioxygen throughVthe apparatus on one side at the same time draw from and at a sli htlyelevated pressure. Upon reversal of fiile valve a suction is producedinstead of aforcing current.

This much of the apparatus has heretofore been known, and has beensuccessfully used, and our invention comprises means for indicatingv thecondition of the forcing and 'the suction current, and means :for`controlling these currents bya novel method, which consists in reducingthe pressure of the forcing stream by venting it to the atmosphere,

and reducing the suction of the suction stream by admitting atmosphericair thereto. 'The invention further A`consists in structural featuresthat enable the size and veiglit of th'e apparatus toT be greatly renoe' In the drawing is shown, partly in sec tion, so much of an apparatusasis necessary to illustrate this invention.

The oxygen connection to this apparatus is'made by the screw-threadedconnector 1, which is arranged and'constructed to connect a theapparatus to a tank of compressed oxygen gas, or to' a hospitalgenerator, or any other source of high or low pressure oxygen, othergases -or air.

The connector 1 has a centralopening 2 discharging to the removablejet-forming nozzle 3 that proj acts into a combining chamber 4 and is inalinement with a pressure-reducing cone 1' which delivers a current ofgasv into a chamber 7 in a substantially cy indrical'cas ing 6. Thischamber Z into which lthe gas ffom the reducingnozzle is separated fromthelike.

chamberf.' by valve 9, and said chamber 7'.'

discharges'l through :L pipe 10 into the combi-ning chamber 4. 'Phecasing 6 has a port l1 arranged: between the pipe 10 and the reducingcone 5 thai is controlled by the valve 9. 4

1 The operation of this apparatus is as folows:

High pressure oxy gen is admitted through 2 and 3 and produce; ahighpressure jet directed into the reducing nozzle 5, and at the sametime draws ai? through port 11 and pipe 10- into the combining chamber 4and' -entrains it through the pipe or reducing nozzle 5 -into thechamber 7 and delivers it through pipe 8 to "he patient. Upon reversalof the valve 9 port 11 is placed in communication with cha nber TandpipeS with' chamber 7.', suction is produced in pipe 8, the air passingfron. pipe 8 to chamber 7', pipe 10, the combini ig chamber 4 reducingnozzle 5, chamber andl port 11 into the atmosphere;

We have found tl at a most decided improvement 'maybe made in thisapparatus,

or in any other ap aratus using pressure and suction,' by .providingmeans for indicating 4the amount cfsuction and pressure alternate1y.}produce( in pi e 8, and also providing for .control the suction It.wi1l"' be unders ;o 'od that no two persons of thesam'e sex. and agehave the same lungcapacity, nor w1 uld they have the same vita 't edlyand -strengt 1,j`s o that it is decidisadivantageou; to deliver a fixedor measured `quantity oi oxygen all patients,

gen became necessary.

and the quantity of oxygen should be varied according to t e degree ofrecovery, and also according to the condition of the patient at the timethe administration of oxy- It is well known that the administration ofoxygen for overcoming asphyxiation, and` the administration of oxygenfor resuscitating drowning persons is done quite differently, and it isour aim to construct an apparatus as nearly universal in its uses aspossible, and capable of all the variations required under varyingconditions with varying types of patients.

11To this end we make the valve 9 a manua y 9 and operated by a handle12 which is detachably or otherwise secured to. the valve spindle 9. Themovement of the valve is limited in its end positions by pins 13 and 13on the casing 6, or on the plate 9a, as shown, J -V The ,chamber 7 isprovided with a valve 14 comprising a. circular plate connected to, andheld spaced from a tubular screw 16 at two or more points adjacent itsperiphery by lugs 15. A anged head17 on this screw projects over the endof the casing 6. The tubular screw 16 is provided with a single highpitched 'thread 18 and screws into one end of the casin 6. The underfaceof the ange of head 1 is provided with recesses 19 into which engages apin 20 urged by a spring 21 to hold the screw against rotation from itsadjusted position.

The pin 20 and spring 21 are placed in a drill hole in a slight shoulder22 on the casing 6. The valve plate 14 seats on a valve seat 23 formedin the casing 6.

Inasmuch as the tubular screw 16 has a high pitched thread it isintended that one revolution of the screw shall move the valve 14 itsmaximum extent and in order to prevent the screw, during its operation,from entirely leaving the casing, a. suitable stop, such as a screw 24,is passed through the iange 17 and abuts against a shoulder 22 as a stop,whenthe screw 16 is rotated to its'full extent in one or the otherdirection. The screw is held in its adjusted position by the pin 20entering any one of the peripheral notches 19'on the underface of thefiange 17, whereby the valve 14 will be held in any desired positiontoward or from its seat 23. The chamber.7 is provided with a valve and ascrew 16* of like construction..

That portion of the casing 6 which is eX- tended to form the connection8 of pipe 8, in other words, the suction and forcing conduit, isprovided with two indicators, A and B, one of which, for example, A, isadapted to indicate suction, and the other, B, to indicate pressure,these indicators are preferably, but not necessarily, identical inconstruction, the only dierenoe being that the actuated valve held inplace by a plate tor B, and

piston of the indicator A is distant from the conduit 8', while thepiston of the indicator B is adjacent said conduit.

.The structure of these indicators is as follows: They comprise a metaltube 25 havin a reduced end 26 that vscrews into a threaded hole 27 inthe extension 8', the opposite end of said tube is screw-threaded at 28to receive a nut 29 having a central perforation 30, leading to anenlarged recess 31 containing a wire gauze or other suitable screen 32.The tubular nut 29 holds in place a centrally perforated flexible washer33, and forces this washer against one end of a glass tube 34, the otherend of which tube engages a like washer 35 at the opposite end of thetube 25., A screen 36; is interposed between washer 35 and the openingin the reduced end 26.

Within the glass tube 34 is a cylindrical piston 37, and between thispiston and the washer 35 is a light spring 38. The piston 37 is providedwith a peripheral surface mark 39, more clearly shown on the indicathismark is exposed to view through a slot 40 in the tube 25, the edges ofwhich slot are graduated to indicate, preferably Acentimeters of watercolumn.

If the valve' 9 be set as indicated in the drawings, with the handle 12resting against the stop pin 13, and oxygen is supplied through thenozzle 3, .the combined stream of air and oxygen will be directedthrough chamber 7 into pipe 8 and into the lungs of the patient. Thepressure developed at the end of the forcinU or inhalationperiod will beindicated on tlie indicator B, its piston 37 being moved to the right assoon as backpressure sets in. The degree of back. pressure indicated onthe edges of slot 40 showing that the lungs have been filled and that itis desirable for the patient to be caused to exhale.

The pressures used vary from 5 centimeters of water column for infants,to 50 centimeters of water column for adults under;

some conditions, but the usual high limit is about 25 centimeters ofwater column.

Under normal conditions the pressure of the oxygen, or other gas or air-at the source of the compressed supply, or generator may;

' deemed necessary or 'the particular patient being treated. A

When valve 9 is reversed, so that the handle 12 engages stop 13',suction is produce in pipe 8, chamber 7 and pipe 10 by the nozzle 3,thus drawing the contents of thi erator, and adjusted by the tubularscrew lungs through said chamber and pipes into the combining nozzle 5,and discharging them through chamber 7 andA port 11 into the atmosphere.Suction will thus be 'indicated on the indicator A in centimeters ofwater column; and in a like manner suction in chamber 7 can be watchedby the op- 16, air being admitted through the center of screw 16 around'the edge of the valve plate 14 into chamber 7. v l Air ai'ects theindicator A by passing through the central bore 3 0 of the screw 29, thescreen 32, and t-he central perforation of washer 33 onto the end ofpiston 37 thus causing the piston to move to the right and compress itsspring andindicate the pres- The device, when used, will show` to theoperator just the amount of pressure and the amount of suction developedin the lungs on each and every stroke of the valve 9, which is a greatadvantage. Another advantage is that the valve 9 is manipulatedmanually, and as soon as a patient commences to breathe this shallow,vbreathing is at once shown by the indicators A and B, and the operationof the device regulated accordingly. Y

The desire to breathe is not always regular or in rhythm with a regularmovement of the valve 9, and the discrepancy in the timed relationbetween the action of the apparatus and the action of the lungs causesan interference of onevwith the other, and

the apparatus would at times hinder the resuscitation rather than assistit, were it not possible to operate the valve 9 according to the actionof the lungs. With applicants structure, however, and the accurateindications given of the suction and pressure developed, the operator ofthe apparatus lwill always know when the patient desires to exhale andwhen he desires to inhale, and will manually set valve 9 accord- .ingly,irrespective of whether the periods be regular or irregular.

We claim- 1. In a resuscitatingdeviceLthe combination with a casinghaving two chambers therein and a port between them, a conduitVconnection, a valve controlling the connection of said conduitconnection with one chamber and the slmultaneous connection of the portwith the other chamber, one of said `chambers having an inlet pipe andthe other having an outlet pipe, and an injector arranged between thetwo pipes to dlscharge into one of them and to thereby entraln air orgas from the other pipe; of means controlling the connection of eachchamber with the atmosphere. ,n f

2. A resuscitating device having a breathing conduit for attachment to abreathing mask, means to produce suction and pressure in said conduit,and a controllable valve between said means and condu it, in combina`tion with a pressure indicator and a suction indicator onsaid4 conduit,siid indicators being in permanent operative relation tothe conduitandarranged to indicate pressure and suction in said conduit u1Lderallcondi.

tions of operation.

3. The combination with a `oreathing tube and manually operated meanskto direct 'a stream of gas into or from said tube; of

produced throughout the who le duration oi the suction and pressureperic ds, and means to control the energy ofsaid stream of gas duringthe suction and pressure periods-and thereby vary the suction andpressureproduced by said stream in said zonduit.

4.'The combination with cont rollable means for producing alternatelysucwion and pressure in the breathinglconduit of a resuscitating device;of separate indjzators respec- Y means to indicate vthe suction andpressure tively -indicating the suction and pressure produced in saiddevice, Vand se parately operating valves respectively. adr iitting airto said device during the suction period and venting ing thelcompression period.,

5. In a. resuscitating device, a substantially cylindrical casing havi1g a port between its ends, a pipe connecti )n between its ends, a valvedividing the casing into two chambers, a suction pipe connected to onechamber and aforcing pipe ce anected tothe otherchamber, a plateclosing; each end of the casing, a tubular screw in each casingendconnected to said plate, whereby said pressure gas to the atmospheredurplates may vent said chambers to the atmosphere. Y

6. The method of operating` injectors for resuscitating apparatus, whichcomprises producing a jet of gas having a suction and a forcin side,combiningwith said jet alter- 4nately resh air and air from thelungsofthe patient,` alternately direct ng said combined stream to the patienta1 ld to the outside air, .and controlling the suction and forcingaction by venting ther suction, and forcing sides ofthe stream 1o theatmos- 1 phere.

7. The method of operating Ainjectors 4arranged to produce both forcin gand suction in which a forcing jet of gas c ombines with a current ofair to producey a combined .l

stream of reduced pressure, controlling the lll suction of said jet byventing the atmosphere to said current and controlling the combinedstream by venting it to the atmosphere.

8. The method of operating injectors arranged to produce both forcn 1,'and suction by means of a jet of compressed gas com-4 vbined with air toproduce a combined stream of reduced pressure, which comprisescontrolling the suction of said jet` by admitting atmospheric air tosaid stream, controlling lll its `pressure by venting the stream to theatmosphere, indicating the suction and pressure produced, andcontrolling the duration of the suction and pressure periods inaccordance with said indications.- f

9. In vthe method of operating resuscitating devices in which alternatesuction and pressure are produced Within the lungs by alternatelysupplying within the lungs a 10 respirable gas and'withdrawingthe'respired gas therefrom, the improvement Which conlnce with theindications.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing' as our invention, we havehereto signed our i sists in indicating during the supply and Withdrawalthe pressure and suction produced, and controlling the duration of thesupply and Withdrawal periods in accordnall'leS.

FRANK FAIRCHILD MORRIS. i FREDERICK MELCHIOR LUCI-IS.

